The hard and soft water principle of soap

Soap ingredients is sodium stearate (C17H35COONa), sodium stearate in water by water and electricity, to form stearic acid radical ion and sodium ion.While hard water in the presence of large amounts of calcium and magnesium ions, and stearic acid radical ion and calcium and magnesium ions generated magnesium stearate and calcium stearate, calcium stearate and magnesium stearate is insoluble in water precipitation, therefore, if it is to put soap into hard water, there will be precipitation phenomenon.And does not exist or exist in soft water trace amounts of calcium and magnesium ions, therefore, if it is to put soap into soft water, won't appear have the phenomenon of precipitation, the water is pure and transparent.

In fact, in addition to calcium and magnesium ions, soap can be iron, manganese, zinc, copper...Plasma by precipitation, therefore is defined in the chemical, all can be soap water mineral ions to produce precipitation, are called hardness ions."Accordingly, hardness refers to all hardness ions in terms of total concentration of pointer value.But in general the natural water (including water), in addition to calcium and magnesium ions, the remaining stock of hardness ions are very few, so the hardness of water is the water of the concentration of calcium and magnesium ions represent integrated features.

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